比较级和最高级是英语用来拿一个事物与另一个事物作比较的方式：cheaper、more expensive、the best、as good as。本指南先讲基本形式，再讲表示差别大小的句型，以及表示两个变化同步发生的句型。
阅读英文版指南 → 本页为机器翻译，未经母语者审校，可能有不准确之处。以英文版为准。
诊断结果会告诉你哪个部分需要复习。请点击下面对应的部分。
三种比较方式
每次比较都从一个问题开始：两者相等，一个比另一个多，还是一个在一组中最突出？
| 意思 | 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 相等 | as + 形容词 + as | Ana is as tall as her father. |
| 较少 | not as … as, less … than | The ferry is not as fast as the plane. |
| 更多（两个事物） | 比较级 + than | Gold is heavier than silver. |
| 最（一组中的一个） | the + 最高级 | Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. |
基础句型（B1）
第 1 到 3 部分讲形式和三种基本的比较方式。如果你是 B1 水平，请从这里开始。
高级句型（B2 到 C1）
第 4 和 5 部分讲差别的大小（much、slightly、by far、twice as … as）以及 the more …, the more … 这样的句型。如果你是 C1 水平，可以用来复习。
构成形式
这个词加 -er 还是用 more？它是不规则的吗？
规则： 短词加 -er 和 -est，长词用 more 和 most，good、bad、far 和 little 是不规则的。只用一个标记：不要说 more better。
用哪种词尾？
| 单词 | 规则 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
|---|---|---|---|
| small, cheap, young | 单音节：加 -er, -est | smaller | the smallest |
| nice, wide | 以 -e 结尾：加 -r, -st | nicer | the nicest |
| thin, sad | 一个短元音 + 一个辅音：双写辅音 | thinner | the saddest |
| happy, busy, early | 以 -y 结尾：把 y 改成 i | happier | the busiest |
| modern, famous | 其他大多数双音节词：more, most | more modern | the most famous |
| beautiful, important | 三个或更多音节：more, most | more important | the most beautiful |
| quickly, clearly | 以 -ly 结尾的副词：more, most | more quickly | the most clearly |
| fast, hard, late | 不以 -ly 结尾的副词：加 -er, -est | faster | the hardest |
不规则形式
| 单词 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
|---|---|---|
| good, well | better | the best |
| bad, badly | worse | the worst |
| far | farther, further | the farthest, the furthest |
| little（数量） | less | the least |
| much, many | more | the most |
Farther 还是 further？
两者都可以表示距离。只有 further 表示额外的、进一步的：further details, further questions。
双音节词
有些双音节词，例如 quiet、simple、narrow 和 clever，两种形式都可以：quieter 或 more quiet。以 -y 结尾的词通常用 -ier。
由 -ed 形式变来的形容词即使很短也用 more：more tired, more bored, more worried。
本部分的常见错误
- 双重比较级
This route is more shorter.✓ This route is shorter.Shorter 本身就是 more short 的意思。 - 该用 more 或 most 时却用了 -er 或 -est
This sofa is comfortabler.✓ This sofa is more comfortable.Comfortable 有两个以上的音节。 - 不规则词用了规则词尾
Her score was badder than mine.✓ Her score was worse than mine.Bad 是不规则的：worse, the worst。
比较级还是最高级？
你是在比较两个事物，还是从一组中挑出一个？
规则： 比较两个事物用比较级 + than，从一组中挑出一个用 the + 最高级。最高级后面，地点和群体用 in，一组事物和一段时间用 of。One of the 后面接复数名词。
两个事物还是一组？
| 情况 | 提示词 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 两个人或事物 | than | This bag is lighter than that one. |
| 三个或更多中的一个 | in, of, all, ever, among | She is the fastest runner in the club. |
| 第二、第三等 | the second, the third | K2 is the second highest mountain in the world. |
| 最低程度 | the least | This is the least expensive option. |
最高级后面的搭配词
| 搭配词 | 用法 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| in | 地点或组织 | the oldest tree in the park, the best team in the league |
| of | 一段时间或一组事物 | the busiest week of the month, the cheapest of the three |
| one of the + 复数名词 | 顶尖群体中的一员 | one of the most famous paintings in the world |
| 现在完成时 + ever | 你的全部经历 | the longest I have ever waited |
两个事物，严谨的写法
恰好有两个时，严谨的写作者用比较级：the taller of the two brothers。在日常口语中，这里也常用最高级。在非正式的美式英语中，最高级后面也会用一般过去时：the best movie I ever saw。
本部分的常见错误
- 比较级和最高级混用
Amir is the taller person in our office.✓ Amir is the tallest person in our office.In our office 表示一个超过两个人的群体。 - 最高级后面用错了词
It is the longest bridge of the country.✓ It is the longest bridge in the country.国家是一个地点，所以用 in。 - one of the 后面用了单数名词
This is one of the hardest job I've had.✓ This is one of the hardest jobs I've had.One of the 后面接复数名词。
As … as、same 和 different
两者相等，还是一个较少？
规则： 相等的事物用 as + 形容词 + as，较少用 not as … as 或 less … than。要说 the same as、similar to 和 different from。
相等和较少
| 句型 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| as + 形容词 + as | 相等 | This room is as bright as the kitchen. |
| not as + 形容词 + as | less | The remake is not as funny as the original. |
| less + 形容词 + than | less | The new model is less noisy than the old one. |
| as much / many + 名词 + as | 数量相等 | I don’t have as many followers as you. |
| just as, almost as, nowhere near as | 接近程度 | The copy is almost as sharp as the original. |
固定搭配
| 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| the same as | My password is the same as before. |
| the same + 名词 + as | He is the same height as his son. |
| similar to | Portuguese is similar to Spanish in many ways. |
| different from | The final version is different from the draft. |
| like（用在名词前，表示外貌或方式） | She looks like her grandmother. |
as tall as me 还是 as tall as I am？
两种都可以。在日常英语中，用 me 这样的代词很正常。加上动词（as I am, as she does）听起来更正式。Different than（美式）和 different to（英式）也很常见。
本部分的常见错误
- as 和 than 混用
Her car is as old than mine.✓ Her car is as old as mine.As … as 要用两次 as。 - same、similar 或 different 后面用错了词
His opinion is similar with mine.✓ His opinion is similar to mine.Similar 后面接 to。 - same、similar 或 different 后面用错了词
Your shoes are the same size like mine.✓ Your shoes are the same size as mine.The same + 名词 + as。
差别有多大？
差别是大还是小？是倍数吗？
规则： 在比较级前面，差别大用 much、far 或 a lot，差别小用 slightly 或 a bit，不要用 very。倍数用 twice、three times 或 half + as … as。
比较级前面的词
| 差别大小 | 词语 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 大 | much, far, a lot, considerably, significantly | far more reliable, a lot cheaper |
| 小 | slightly, a bit, a little, marginally | slightly longer, a bit more complicated |
| 超出预期 | even, still | The sequel was even better. |
| 加强最高级 | by far, easily | by far the hardest question, easily the most popular |
much more 还是 many more？
| 用在 | 用法 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 不可数名词 | much more, a little more, a lot more | much more space, a little more patience |
| 复数名词 | many more, a few more, a lot more | many more options, a few more minutes |
倍数
| 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| twice as + 形容词 + as | The tablet is twice as thick as the phone. |
| three times as + 形容词 + as | The tower is three times as tall as the church. |
| half as + 形容词 + as | The new route is half as long. |
| twice the + 名词 + of | The lake is twice the depth of the reservoir. |
| three times + 比较级 + than | Common in news writing, but some editors avoid it, and twice bigger than is usually avoided in careful English. |
本部分的常见错误
- very 用在比较级前面
The new version is very better.✓ The new version is much better.Very 不能直接放在比较级前面。 - 不可数名词和复数名词混用
We need much more chairs.✓ We need many more chairs.Chairs 是复数名词。 - 倍数句型出错
This box is twice as heavier as that one.✓ This box is twice as heavy as that one.在 as 和 as 之间，形容词保持原形。
高级句型
两个变化同步发生吗？某事物在随时间变化吗？
规则： The + 比较级 …, the + 比较级 … 把两个变化联系起来。重复比较级表示随时间的变化。在 than 或 as 后面，可以用一个与主要动词对应的动词来结束比较。
The more …, the more …
| 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| the + 比较级 + 主语 + 动词, the + 比较级 + 主语 + 动词 | The earlier you book, the cheaper the ticket is. |
| the more + 名词 + 主语 + 动词 | The more questions you ask, the more you understand. |
| the more / less + 长形容词 + 主语 + 动词 | The less crowded the beach is, the happier I am. |
| 不用动词（简短或正式） | The bigger the screen, the higher the price. The sooner, the better. |
比较级在前，然后是主语和动词：the busier you are，而不是 the more you are busy。
随时间变化
| 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| 比较级 + and + 比较级 | The queue got longer and longer. |
| more and more + 长形容词 | The puzzles became more and more difficult. |
| less and less + 形容词 | The village is less and less crowded each winter. |
用动词结束比较
| 主要动词 | than 或 as 后面 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 动作动词，现在时 | do / does | She types faster than I do. |
| 动作动词，过去时 | did | We stayed longer than they did. |
| be | am / is / are / was / were | The hall is bigger than it was. |
| 情态动词 | can / will / could | He can swim farther than I can. |
than me 还是 than I do？
两种都正确。Than me 在对话中很正常。Than I do 更正式，当动词带有时态或意义时必须这样用：She earns more now than she did then。
本部分的常见错误
- 缺少 the
The more you laugh, more you relax.✓ The more you laugh, the more you relax.前后两半都需要 the。 - the more …, the more … 句型出错
The more you are busy, the less you sleep.✓ The busier you are, the less you sleep.比较级在前，然后是主语和动词。 - 表示随时间变化的句型出错
The music got more and more louder.✓ The music got louder and louder.短词重复 -er 形式。
自测
每个句子正确吗？点击查看答案。如果不确定，部分标签会告诉你该看哪里。
第 1 部分Their new house is bigger than ours.
正确。 Big 在 -er 前要双写 g。
第 1 部分This exercise is more easy than the last one.
错误。 Easy 以 -y 结尾：This exercise is easier than the last one。
第 2 部分Lake Victoria is the largest lake in Africa.
正确。 从一组湖中挑出一个，而且地点用 in。
第 2 部分It was one of the strangest day of my life.
错误。 One of the 后面接复数名词：one of the strangest days of my life。
第 3 部分My score was not as high as I hoped.
正确。 Not as … as 表示较少。
第 3 部分Her bag is different with mine.
错误。 要用 different from：Her bag is different from mine。
第 4 部分The new train is a lot faster than the old one.
正确。 A lot 用在比较级前面，表示差别很大。
第 4 部分The second room is three times as larger as the first.
错误。 形容词保持原形：three times as large as the first。
第 5 部分The harder you train, the stronger you become.
正确。 前后两半都用 the + 比较级。
第 5 部分My grandmother walks faster than I am.
错误。 Walks 是动作动词，所以用 do：faster than I do。
AI 练习提示词
把下面的内容粘贴到 AI 聊天工具中。